Dowry in the Abrahamic Traditions – A comparative study of dowry practices in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam

Abstract

The institution of dowry has been a significant aspect of marriage customs across various cultures and religious traditions, particularly within the Abrahamic faiths—Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. This comparative study examines the historical, religious, and socio-cultural dimensions of dowry in these three traditions. It explores scriptural foundations, theological interpretations, and the evolution of dowry practices from ancient times to the modern era. While dowry has traditionally been associated with economic security and familial obligations, its manifestations and legal status vary significantly across these religions. In Judaism, the ketubah serves as a financial safeguard for the wife; Christianity, particularly in medieval Europe, saw dowry as a means of social mobility and inheritance; and Islam emphasizes the concept of mahr, which differs from dowry by being a mandatory gift from the groom to the bride. This study also highlights contemporary debates surrounding dowry, including legal reforms, gender rights, and socio-economic implications in different cultural contexts. By analyzing these aspects, this research aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the similarities, differences, and transformations of dowry practices within the Abrahamic traditions.