Effect of Childhood Trauma on Interpersonal Relationship and Emotional Intelligence among women at Bahawalpur City

Abstract

The present study was conducted to examine the effect of childhood trauma on interpersonal relationships and emotional intelligence among women residing in Bahawalpur City. Utilizing a cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from a sample of 105 women through standardized instruments, including the Childhood Trauma Scale, the Interpersonal Relationship Scale, and the Emotional Intelligence Scale. Descriptive statistics revealed a wide range of experiences, with participants reporting moderate levels of childhood trauma alongside generally moderate to high scores in interpersonal relationships and emotional intelligence. Correlation analyses demonstrated that childhood trauma was significantly negatively correlated with both interpersonal relationship quality and emotional intelligence, indicating that higher levels of childhood trauma were associated with poorer relational bonds and reduced emotional competencies. Furthermore, interpersonal relationships and emotional intelligence exhibited a significant positive correlation, suggesting an interconnectedness between these psychosocial constructs. Multiple linear regression analysis underscored these findings by establishing childhood trauma as a significant negative predictor of both interpersonal relationship quality and emotional intelligence, while also confirming the positive predictive influence of interpersonal relationships and emotional intelligence on overall psychosocial outcomes. Independent samples t-test results further highlighted that although levels of childhood trauma did not differ significantly across certain demographic groups, notable differences were observed in interpersonal relationships and emotional intelligence, with some groups exhibiting relatively stronger relational and emotional capacities. Overall, the study concludes that childhood trauma has a substantial and enduring adverse impact on women’s interpersonal relationships and emotional intelligence in Bahawalpur City. These findings align with both international and regional literature, emphasizing the long-lasting effects of early adversity on socio-emotional functioning. The study highlights the urgent need for culturally sensitive, trauma-informed interventions that can support women in developing healthier emotional regulation strategies and fostering stronger, more fulfilling interpersonal connections. This research thus contributes to a deeper understanding of how early traumatic experiences shape key aspects of women’s psychological and social lives, offering valuable insights for mental health professionals, community organizations, and policymakers aiming to promote women’s well-being in similar sociocultural contexts.